Ferrari smoking exhaust Coating metal parts
Motor oil is a lubricant used in internal combustion engines, which power cars, motorcycles, lawnmowers, engine-generators, and many other machines. In engines, there are parts which move against each other, and the friction wastes otherwise useful power by converting the kinetic energy to heat. It also wears away those parts, which could lead to lower efficiency and degradation of the engine. This increases fuel consumption, decreases power output, and can lead to engine failure.
Lubricating oil creates a separating film between surfaces of adjacent moving parts to minimize direct contact between them, decreasing heat caused by friction and reducing wear, thus protecting the engine. In use, motor oil transfers heat through convection as it flows through the engine by means of air flow over the surface of the oil pan, an oil cooler and through the buildup of oil gases evacuated by the Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) system.
In petrol (gasoline) engines, the top piston ring can expose the motor oil to temperatures of 160 °C (320 °F). In diesel engines the top ring can expose the oil to temperatures over 315 °C (600 °F). Motor oils with higher viscosity indices thin less at these higher temperatures.
Coating metal parts with oil also keeps them from being exposed to oxygen, inhibiting oxidation at elevated operating temperatures preventing rust or corrosion. Corrosion inhibitors may also be added to the motor oil. Many motor oils also have detergents and dispersants added to help keep the engine clean and minimize oil sludge build-up. The oil is able to trap soot from combustion in itself, rather than leaving it deposited on the internal surfaces. It is a combination of this, and some singeing that turns used oil black after some running.
Rubbing of metal engine parts inevitably produces some microscopic metallic particles from the wearing of the surfaces. Such particles could circulate in the oil and grind against moving parts, causing wear. Because particles accumulate in the oil, it is typically circulated through an oil filter to remove harmful particles. An oil pump, a vane or gear pump powered by the engine, pumps the oil throughout the engine, including the oil filter. Oil filters can be a full flow or bypass type.
Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_oil
Breakdown city bus
City bus can be approved for use by the city after a thorough check its technical condition, it must be not only efficient, but also to meet all the standards required for vehicles to carry passengers on the urban areas. The most important will always be the safety and comfort of passengers, for which you need to take care of before a vehicle is moving, and in the course of passenger transport. Repairing city bus it will be made after finding in it the existence of any defects that might jeopardize the safety of passengers. On the other hand, making such activities as engine oil or brake, may belong to the same driver or service personnel.
Automobile - passion and hard work?
More and more car owners decide to carry out servicing their own car, usually in his garage. Very often there arise garages genuine. Automotive for many people is in fact a true passion, and auto parts they are as well known as everyday objects. But if we lack knowledge in this field, you should reach for specialist guides, which are generally in the form of books. Often a lot of information in this area can be found on the Internet by typing in a search engine, for example, the model of our car. It all makes servicing cars is becoming easier and more and more people are opting for such a repair in your garage.